Parasites & Vectors | Article collections | Aspects of parasitology in the People's Republic of China: surveillance, diagnosis, infection and immunity

Submit a manuscript Register Contact us Follow
BioMed Central Support

Explore Parasites & Vectors

Advertisement

Articles

Aspects of parasitology in the People's Republic of China: surveillance, diagnosis, infection and immunity

Edited by: Dr Robert Bergquist, Prof Marcel Tanner, Prof Juerg Utzinger, Prof Xiao-Nong Zhou

Collection published: 10 June 2011

Last updated: 4 October 2012

Global elimination programs have been launched for several parasitic diseases leading to a stronger role for surveillance and the development of specific tools, including diagnostics, vaccines, etc. To cope with the new challenges, the Chinese Science and Technology Major Program, launched in 2005, recently awarded support (Grant No. 2008ZX10004-011) for a research project entitled Surveillance and diagnostic tools for major parasitic diseases in PR China in collaboration with more than 80 scientists from 18 institutes and universities, coordinated by Professor Xiao-Nong Zhou and Professor Heng Wang. The majority of articles in this thematic series were funded by this program.

		Review Frontiers of parasitology research in the People's Republic of China: infection, diagnosis, protection and surveillance Jun-Hu Chen, Hen Wang, Jia-Xu Chen, Robert Bergquist, Marcel Tanner, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:221 (4 October 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The thematic series deals with the major parasitic diseases in P.R. China covering three fields: (1) development of control strategies for the national control programme, (2) updating the surveillance data of parasitic infections both in human and animals and (3) improvement of diagnostic tools or innovative tools to detect parasitic infections. Image: Performance and results reading of a new approach (LAMP) for disease surveillance.
		Short report Vector capacity of Anopheles sinensis in malaria outbreak areas of central China Jia-Yun Pan, Shui-Sen Zhou, Xiang Zheng, Fang Huang, Duo-Quan Wang, Yu-Zu Shen, Yun-Pu Su, Guang-Chao Zhou, Feng Liu, Jing-Jing Jiang Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:136 (9 July 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study was performed to understand the role of the vector in the transmission of malaria during an outbreak period by measuring the vector capacity of An. sinensis in the Huanghuai valley of central China. Results suggested that vivax malaria outbreaks in Huanhuai valley are highly related to the enhancement in vector capacity of An. sinensis for P. vivax. Image: Typical Anopheles sinensis mosquito habitat in Huanghuai valley of central China.
		Research Identification and profiling of circulating antigens by screening with the sera from schistosomiasis japonica patients Yan Lu, Bin Xu, Chuan Ju, Xiaojin Mo, Shenbo Chen, Zheng Feng, Xiaoning Wang, Wei Hu Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:115 (11 June 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A definite diagnosis of schistosomiasis plays a key role in the control of the disease . The diagnostic targets of circulating antigens in sera of schistosomiasis japonicum patients were analyzed. Image: The mass spectrum of peptide fragment of ribonuclease (CAX70531.1) identified by LC-MS/MS.
		Research Spatial correlation between malaria cases and water-bodies in Anopheles sinensis dominated areas of Huang-Huai plain, China Shui-sen Zhou, Shao-sen Zhang, Jian-jun Wang, Xiang Zheng, Fang Huang, Wei-dong Li, Xian Xu, Hong-wei Zhang Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:106 (31 May 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper focused on determination of risk of malaria transmission by analyzing the distance from housing to water-bodies. Most of malaria cases (74%) were located 60 m near water bodies, which implies that housing within 60 m around water bodies is the main risk area of malaria transmission. The findings filled in gaps in spatial-temporal analysis of malaria transmission based on water bodies and housing particularly in An. sinensis areas. Image: Mosquito breeding site.
		Research The South-to-North Water Diversion Project: effect of the water diversion pattern on transmission of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in China You-Sheng Liang, Wei Wang, Hong-Jun Li, Xue-Hui Shen, Yong-Liang Xu, Jian-Rong Dai Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:52 (20 March 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study demonstrates the effects of some factors relating to the water diversion pattern on the spread north of Oncomelania hupensis and transmission of Schistosoma japonicum following the construction of the Eastern Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. Image: The first pumping station of the Eastern Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.
		Research Co-infection of HIV and intestinal parasites in rural area of China Li-Guang Tian, Jia-Xu Chen, Tian-Ping Wang, Guo-Jin Cheng, Peter Steinmann, Feng-Feng Wang, Yu-Chun Cai, Xiao-Mei Yin, Jian Guo, Li Zhou, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:36 (13 February 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary We performed a case control study to correlate HIV infection and intestinal parasitic infections in a rural village of Fuyang, Anhui province, China. Results indicated HIV positive individuals are more susceptible to co-infections with Cryptosporidium spp. than HIV negative people, particularly younger males with poor personal hygiene habits. Therefore, health promotion and surveillance need to be strengthened in this area. Image: The study village at Fuyang, Anhui province, China.
		Research Current epidemiological profile and features of visceral leishmaniasis in people's republic of China Jun-Yun Wang, Gang Cui, Hai-Tang Chen, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Chun-Hua Gao, Yue-Tao Yang Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:31 (9 February 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary In the present study we describe the current epidemiological profile and characteristics of VL in China based on the passive surveillance data between 2005 and 2010 reported through the web-based National Diseases Reporting Information System. Image: Visceral leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem in China.
		Short report Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP): Early detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice Qing-Ming Kong, Shao-Hong Lu, Qun-Bo Tong, Di Lou, Rui Chen, Bin Zheng, Takashi Kumagai, Li-Yong Wen, Nobuo Ohta, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:2 (3 January 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary We established a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification targeting the 529 bp repeat element (529 bp-LAMP) to detect Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the blood samples of experimental mice infected with tachyzoites of the RH strain. Due to its simplicity, sensitivity and cost-effectiveness for common use, we suggest that this assay should be used as an early diagnostic tool for health control of toxoplasmosis. Image: Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites cultured in HeLa cell monolayer.
		Research Effect of an integrated control strategy for schistosomiasis japonica in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China: an evaluation from 2005 to 2008 Le-Ping Sun, Wei Wang, You-Sheng Liang, Zeng-Xi Tian, Qing-Biao Hong, Kun Yang, Guo-Jing Yang, Jian-Rong Dai, Yang Gao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:243 (30 December 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study shows that the integrated control strategy for schistosomiasis control implemented in 107 villages of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Jiangsu Province, China, is effective to control the transmission of S. japonicum. Image: Image: Building trees for snail control in the study villages.
		Research Genetic diversity of transmission-blocking vaccine candidates Pvs25 and Pvs28 in Plasmodium vivax isolates from Yunnan Province, China Hui Feng, Li Zheng, Xiaotong Zhu, Gege Wang, Yanyan Pan, Ying Li, Yimei Yang, Yahui Lin, Liwang Cui, Yaming Cao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:224 (28 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study investigated the genetic diversity of transmission-blocking vaccine candidate genes pvs25 and pvs28 of Plasmodium vivax from southwestern China. These two genes display limited genetic diversity in this region. Image: Transmission-blocking vaccine for malaria control.
		Research A Google Earth-based surveillance system for schistosomiasis japonica implemented in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China Le-Ping Sun, You-Sheng Liang, Hong-Hui Wu, Zeng-Xi Tian, Jian-Rong Dai, Kun Yang, Qing-Biao Hong, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Guo-Jing Yang Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:223 (27 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary We imported Google Earth technology into an innovative monitoring system for schistosomiasis surveillance of the banks of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, China. It proves the Google Earth approach to be a user-friendly, inexpensive warning system for schistosomiasis risk. Image: Sentinel mice surveillance site along the Yangtze River banks
		Research DNA vaccination with a gene encoding Toxoplasma gondii GRA6 induces partial protection against toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice Xi-Meng Sun, Jun Zou, Elashram AA, Wen-Chao Yan, Xian-Yong Liu, Xun Suo, Heng Wang, Qi-Jun Chen Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:213 (9 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study reported that a GRA6-based DNA vaccine can elicit protective immune responses to T. gondii in BALB/c mice, and demonstrated this protection was associated with GRA6-specific IgG and anti-GRA6 immune cellular responses.Image: Survival of BALB/c mice against a lethal challenge of T. gondii.
		Research A strategy for emergency treatment of Schistosoma japonicum-infested water You-Sheng Liang, Wei Wang, Yun-Tian Xing, Hong-Jun Li, Yong-Liang Xu, Xue-Hui Shen, Guo-Li Qu, You-Zi Li, Jian-Rong Dai Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:209 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Spraying a suspension concentrate of niclosamide onto the surface of Schistosoma japonicum-infested water resulted in elimination of infectivity, without toxicity to fish. Such a method can be used as a novel strategy for emergency-treatment intervention for S. japonicum-infested water. Image: Spraying SCN on the surface of S. japonicum-infested water.
		Short report Loop-mediated isothermal amplification: rapid detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in Pomacea canaliculata Rui Chen, QunBo Tong, Yi Zhang, Di Lou, QingMing Kong, Shan Lv, MingMing Zhuo, LiYong Wen, ShaoHong Lu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:204 (25 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic parasite that causes eosinophilic meningitis in humans. The intermediate host Pomacea canaliculata plays an important role in the endemicity of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis. This report describes a novel Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the sensitive and specific detection of A. cantonensis in P. canaliculata. Image: Pomacea canaliculata, the intermediate host for Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
		Review A diagnostic challenge for schistosomiasis japonica in China: consequences on praziquantel-based morbidity control Yi-biao Zhou, Hui-min Zheng, Qing-wu Jiang Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:194 (7 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper reviews the current knowledge about diagnostic tools for Schistosoma japonicum infections in China, and the pressing need for improved diagnostics of schistosomiasis japonica. Image: Blood collection for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica in Anhui province, China.
		Review Toll-like receptor activation by helminths or helminth products to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease ShuMin Sun, XueLin Wang, XiuPing Wu, Ying Zhao, Feng Wang, XiaoLei Liu, YanXia Song, ZhiLiang Wu, MingYuan Liu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:186 (27 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that reducing helminth infections increases the incidence rate of autoimmune diseases. Helminths or helminth products should be considered for the treatment of human inflammatory bowel disease. Image: Contribution of toll like receptors to mucous membrane immunity.
		Research Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in dogs and cats in subtropical southern China Rui-Qing Lin, Jian-Dong Tang, Dong-Hui Zhou, Hui-Qun Song, Si-Yang Huang, Jia-Xu Chen, Mu-Xin Chen, Han Zhang, Xing-Quan Zhu, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:180 (19 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary 503 dogs and 194 cats in China's southern Guangdong province were examined for Clonorchis sinensis by post-mortem examination, and the average prevalence was 20.5% in dogs and 41.8% in cats, respectively, posing significant public health concern. Image: Clonorchis sinensis prevalence in dogs, cats and humans in Guangdong province, China.
		Research Monitoring specific antibody responses against the hydrophilic domain of the 23 kDa membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum for early detection of infection in sentinel mice Jie Wang, Chuan-Xin Yu, Xu-Ren Yin, Wei Zhang, Chun-Yan Qian, Li-Jun Song, Xue-Dan Ke, Yong-Liang Xu, Wei He, Guo-Qun Cao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:172 (10 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The early specific antibody responses to the hydrophilic domain of 23kDa membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj23HD) can be used to monitor the schistosome infection in sentinel mice by immunoblotting. Image: Sentinel mice were used to monitor the infested water body of schistosome infection
		Research Application of DNA-based diagnostics in detection of schistosomal DNA in early infection and after drug treatment Cen Wang, Lin Chen, Xuren Yin, Wanquan Hua, Min Hou, Minjun Ji, Chuanxin Yu, Guanling Wu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:164 (24 August 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The data presented here indicate that LAMP is suitable for the detection of early infection in the groups primarily infected with Schistosoma japonicum, such as migrants, travellers, military personnel and the younger age groups. However, it is less suitable for evaluation of the efficacy of chemotherapy in the early stages because of its high sensitivity. Image: Dynamic detection of schistosomal DNA in infected rabbits following artesunate or praziquantel treatment by LAMP method.
		Research Development of a rapid dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay (DLIA) for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica Li-Ling Yu, Jian-Zu Ding, Li-Yong Wen, Di Lou, Xiao-Lan Yan, Li-Jun Lin, Shao-Hong Lu, Dan-Dan Lin, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:157 (9 August 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary This study describes a novel, simple, fast and reliable dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay ( DLIA ) for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica and proved that the DLIA was very suitable for screening patients on a large scale field and clinical detection. Image: Advanced schistosomiasis patient.
		Research Molecular characterization of cathepsin B from Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products and assessment of its potential for serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis Wenjun Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Xuerong Li, Xiaoli Lv, Chenhui Zhou, Chuanhuan Deng, Huali Lei, Jingtao Men, Yongxiu Fan, Chi Liang, Xinbing Yu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:149 (27 July 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study aimed to identify a cathepsin B of Clonorchis sinensis and investigate its diagnostic value for human helminthiases. Image: Clonorchis sinensis-infected rat liver.
		Research Compensatory density feedback of Oncomelania hupensis populations in two different environmental settings in China Guo-Jing Yang, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Le-Ping Sun, Feng Wu, Bo Zhong, Dong-Chuan Qiu, Jürg Utzinger, Corey JA Bradshaw Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:133 (13 July 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary We investigated the population dynamics of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host snail of Schistosoma japonicum. Specifically, we examined the evidence for strength and form of intrinsic control (compensatory density feedback) operating in focal snail populations based on a series of biological experiments under quasi-field conditions in two different environments. Our findings will help to enhance cost-effective snail-control strategies.Image: Oncomelania hupensis breeding-cage experiments in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu province, China.
		Research Adaptation of a visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique for field detection of Plasmodium vivax infection Zhi-Yong Tao, Hua-Yun Zhou, Hui Xia, Sui Xu, Han-Wu Zhu, Richard L Culleton, Eun-Taek Han, Feng Lu, Qiang Fang, Ya-Ping Gu, Yao-Bao Liu, Guo-Ding Zhu, Wei-Ming Wang, Ju-Lin Li, Jun Cao, Qi Gao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:115 (21 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study demonstrated that a novel visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for Plasmodium vivax detection, was accomplished using a microcrystalline wax-dye capsule. Image: Visualized LAMP results by SYBR-Green I contained in microcrystalline wax capsules.
		Review Genetic characterization, species differentiation and detection of Fasciola spp. by molecular approaches Lin Ai, Mu-Xin Chen, Samer Alasaad, Hany M Elsheikha, Juan Li, Hai-Long Li, Rui-Qing Lin, Feng-Cai Zou, Xing-Quan Zhu, Jia-Xu Chen Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:101 (10 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Molecular techniques offer considerable advantages over traditional approaches for the identification and differentiation of Fasciola spp. This article reviews molecular techniques that are being used for the genetic characterization, species differentiation and detection of Fasciola spp.Image: Adults of Fasciola hepatica.
		Research Molecular identification of Clonorchis sinensis and discrimination with other opisthorchid liver fluke species using multiple Ligation-depended Probe Amplification (MLPA) Jiufeng Sun, Jin Xu, Pei Liang, Qiang Mao, Yan Huang, Xiaoli Lv, Chuanhuan Deng, Chi Liang, G S de Hoog, Xinbing Yu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:98 (7 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study evaluated MLPA assay for identification of Clonorchis sinensis, and discrimination from other liver flukes or phylogenetically closely related species, targeting the variable region of ribosomal DNA. Image:Egg of Clonorchis sinensis
		Short report Detection of the circulating antigen 14-3-3 protein of Schistosoma japonicum by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in rabbits Chun-Yan Qian, Biao Huang, Chuan-Xin Yu, Jue Zhang, Xu-Ren Yin, Jie Wang, Li-Jun Song, Wei Zhang, Xue-Dan Ke Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:95 (28 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This work establishes a sandwich TRFIA for diagnosis of active schistosome infection by detecting the circulating antigen 14-3-3 of S. japonicum with a pair of monoclonal antibodies 5C6 and 5D1. Image: The measuring principle of 14-3-3-TRFIA.
		Research Performance of a dipstick dye immunoassay for rapid screening of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas of low endemicity Jing Xu, Ting Feng, Dan-Dan Lin, Qi-Zhi Wang, Li Tang, Xiao-Hua Wu, Jia-Gang Guo, Rosanna W Peeling, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:87 (20 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary This study evaluated a commercially available rapid diagnostic assay for screening of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas of low endemicity in People’s Republic of China. Image: Dipstick dye immunoassay kit and its positive result.
		Research Monitoring resistance of Plasmdium vivax: Point mutations in dihydrofolate reductase gene in isolates from Central China Fang Huang, Shuisen Zhou, Shaosen Zhang, Weidong Li, Hongwei Zhang Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:80 (17 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary There were four parasite populations in pvdhfr allele frequencies with wild-type and single and double mutants at three codons (58, 61 and 117) in Central China, which suggested that P.vivax may be relatively susceptible to pyrimethamine. Image: Map of distribution sentinel sites and mutant pvdhfr in Central China.
		Research The prevalence of canine Leishmania infantum infection in western China detected by PCR and serological tests Jun-Yun Wang, Yu Ha, Chun-Hua Gao, Yong Wang, Yue-Tao Yang, Hai-Tang Chen Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:69 (9 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper evaluates the prevalence of canine Leishmania infantum infection in Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, China detected by PCR, ELISA and rk39-dipstick test. The phylogenetic tree based on the sequences of 116-bp fragment from the kDNA conserved region of Leishmania spp. has been constructed. Image: Dogs are major reservoir hosts of human zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL).
		Research Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pet dogs in Lanzhou, Northwest China Song-Ming Wu, Si-Yang Huang, Bao-Quan Fu, Guang-Yuan Liu, Jia-Xu Chen, Mu-Xin Chen, Zi-Guo Yuan, Dong-Hui Zhou, Ya-Biao Weng, Xing-Quan Zhu, De-He Ye Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:64 (4 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 28 of 259 (10.81%) pet dogs in Lanzhou Municipality, Northwestern China using the modiﬁed agglutination test (MAT), and the seroprevalence increased with age, which has public health implications. Image: Map of Lanzhou Municipality, Gansu Province, China showing the sampling locations (in green) for the present survey.

		Review Frontiers of parasitology research in the People's Republic of China: infection, diagnosis, protection and surveillance Jun-Hu Chen, Hen Wang, Jia-Xu Chen, Robert Bergquist, Marcel Tanner, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:221 (4 October 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The thematic series deals with the major parasitic diseases in P.R. China covering three fields: (1) development of control strategies for the national control programme, (2) updating the surveillance data of parasitic infections both in human and animals and (3) improvement of diagnostic tools or innovative tools to detect parasitic infections. Image: Performance and results reading of a new approach (LAMP) for disease surveillance.
		Short report Vector capacity of Anopheles sinensis in malaria outbreak areas of central China Jia-Yun Pan, Shui-Sen Zhou, Xiang Zheng, Fang Huang, Duo-Quan Wang, Yu-Zu Shen, Yun-Pu Su, Guang-Chao Zhou, Feng Liu, Jing-Jing Jiang Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:136 (9 July 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study was performed to understand the role of the vector in the transmission of malaria during an outbreak period by measuring the vector capacity of An. sinensis in the Huanghuai valley of central China. Results suggested that vivax malaria outbreaks in Huanhuai valley are highly related to the enhancement in vector capacity of An. sinensis for P. vivax. Image: Typical Anopheles sinensis mosquito habitat in Huanghuai valley of central China.
		Research Identification and profiling of circulating antigens by screening with the sera from schistosomiasis japonica patients Yan Lu, Bin Xu, Chuan Ju, Xiaojin Mo, Shenbo Chen, Zheng Feng, Xiaoning Wang, Wei Hu Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:115 (11 June 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A definite diagnosis of schistosomiasis plays a key role in the control of the disease . The diagnostic targets of circulating antigens in sera of schistosomiasis japonicum patients were analyzed. Image: The mass spectrum of peptide fragment of ribonuclease (CAX70531.1) identified by LC-MS/MS.
		Research Spatial correlation between malaria cases and water-bodies in Anopheles sinensis dominated areas of Huang-Huai plain, China Shui-sen Zhou, Shao-sen Zhang, Jian-jun Wang, Xiang Zheng, Fang Huang, Wei-dong Li, Xian Xu, Hong-wei Zhang Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:106 (31 May 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper focused on determination of risk of malaria transmission by analyzing the distance from housing to water-bodies. Most of malaria cases (74%) were located 60 m near water bodies, which implies that housing within 60 m around water bodies is the main risk area of malaria transmission. The findings filled in gaps in spatial-temporal analysis of malaria transmission based on water bodies and housing particularly in An. sinensis areas. Image: Mosquito breeding site.
		Research The South-to-North Water Diversion Project: effect of the water diversion pattern on transmission of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in China You-Sheng Liang, Wei Wang, Hong-Jun Li, Xue-Hui Shen, Yong-Liang Xu, Jian-Rong Dai Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:52 (20 March 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study demonstrates the effects of some factors relating to the water diversion pattern on the spread north of Oncomelania hupensis and transmission of Schistosoma japonicum following the construction of the Eastern Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. Image: The first pumping station of the Eastern Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.
		Research Co-infection of HIV and intestinal parasites in rural area of China Li-Guang Tian, Jia-Xu Chen, Tian-Ping Wang, Guo-Jin Cheng, Peter Steinmann, Feng-Feng Wang, Yu-Chun Cai, Xiao-Mei Yin, Jian Guo, Li Zhou, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:36 (13 February 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary We performed a case control study to correlate HIV infection and intestinal parasitic infections in a rural village of Fuyang, Anhui province, China. Results indicated HIV positive individuals are more susceptible to co-infections with Cryptosporidium spp. than HIV negative people, particularly younger males with poor personal hygiene habits. Therefore, health promotion and surveillance need to be strengthened in this area. Image: The study village at Fuyang, Anhui province, China.
		Research Current epidemiological profile and features of visceral leishmaniasis in people's republic of China Jun-Yun Wang, Gang Cui, Hai-Tang Chen, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Chun-Hua Gao, Yue-Tao Yang Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:31 (9 February 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary In the present study we describe the current epidemiological profile and characteristics of VL in China based on the passive surveillance data between 2005 and 2010 reported through the web-based National Diseases Reporting Information System. Image: Visceral leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem in China.
		Short report Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP): Early detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice Qing-Ming Kong, Shao-Hong Lu, Qun-Bo Tong, Di Lou, Rui Chen, Bin Zheng, Takashi Kumagai, Li-Yong Wen, Nobuo Ohta, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:2 (3 January 2012) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary We established a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification targeting the 529 bp repeat element (529 bp-LAMP) to detect Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the blood samples of experimental mice infected with tachyzoites of the RH strain. Due to its simplicity, sensitivity and cost-effectiveness for common use, we suggest that this assay should be used as an early diagnostic tool for health control of toxoplasmosis. Image: Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites cultured in HeLa cell monolayer.
		Research Effect of an integrated control strategy for schistosomiasis japonica in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China: an evaluation from 2005 to 2008 Le-Ping Sun, Wei Wang, You-Sheng Liang, Zeng-Xi Tian, Qing-Biao Hong, Kun Yang, Guo-Jing Yang, Jian-Rong Dai, Yang Gao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:243 (30 December 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study shows that the integrated control strategy for schistosomiasis control implemented in 107 villages of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Jiangsu Province, China, is effective to control the transmission of S. japonicum. Image: Image: Building trees for snail control in the study villages.
		Research Genetic diversity of transmission-blocking vaccine candidates Pvs25 and Pvs28 in Plasmodium vivax isolates from Yunnan Province, China Hui Feng, Li Zheng, Xiaotong Zhu, Gege Wang, Yanyan Pan, Ying Li, Yimei Yang, Yahui Lin, Liwang Cui, Yaming Cao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:224 (28 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study investigated the genetic diversity of transmission-blocking vaccine candidate genes pvs25 and pvs28 of Plasmodium vivax from southwestern China. These two genes display limited genetic diversity in this region. Image: Transmission-blocking vaccine for malaria control.
		Research A Google Earth-based surveillance system for schistosomiasis japonica implemented in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China Le-Ping Sun, You-Sheng Liang, Hong-Hui Wu, Zeng-Xi Tian, Jian-Rong Dai, Kun Yang, Qing-Biao Hong, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Guo-Jing Yang Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:223 (27 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary We imported Google Earth technology into an innovative monitoring system for schistosomiasis surveillance of the banks of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, China. It proves the Google Earth approach to be a user-friendly, inexpensive warning system for schistosomiasis risk. Image: Sentinel mice surveillance site along the Yangtze River banks
		Research DNA vaccination with a gene encoding Toxoplasma gondii GRA6 induces partial protection against toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice Xi-Meng Sun, Jun Zou, Elashram AA, Wen-Chao Yan, Xian-Yong Liu, Xun Suo, Heng Wang, Qi-Jun Chen Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:213 (9 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study reported that a GRA6-based DNA vaccine can elicit protective immune responses to T. gondii in BALB/c mice, and demonstrated this protection was associated with GRA6-specific IgG and anti-GRA6 immune cellular responses.Image: Survival of BALB/c mice against a lethal challenge of T. gondii.
		Research A strategy for emergency treatment of Schistosoma japonicum-infested water You-Sheng Liang, Wei Wang, Yun-Tian Xing, Hong-Jun Li, Yong-Liang Xu, Xue-Hui Shen, Guo-Li Qu, You-Zi Li, Jian-Rong Dai Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:209 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Spraying a suspension concentrate of niclosamide onto the surface of Schistosoma japonicum-infested water resulted in elimination of infectivity, without toxicity to fish. Such a method can be used as a novel strategy for emergency-treatment intervention for S. japonicum-infested water. Image: Spraying SCN on the surface of S. japonicum-infested water.
		Short report Loop-mediated isothermal amplification: rapid detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in Pomacea canaliculata Rui Chen, QunBo Tong, Yi Zhang, Di Lou, QingMing Kong, Shan Lv, MingMing Zhuo, LiYong Wen, ShaoHong Lu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:204 (25 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic parasite that causes eosinophilic meningitis in humans. The intermediate host Pomacea canaliculata plays an important role in the endemicity of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis. This report describes a novel Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the sensitive and specific detection of A. cantonensis in P. canaliculata. Image: Pomacea canaliculata, the intermediate host for Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
		Review A diagnostic challenge for schistosomiasis japonica in China: consequences on praziquantel-based morbidity control Yi-biao Zhou, Hui-min Zheng, Qing-wu Jiang Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:194 (7 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper reviews the current knowledge about diagnostic tools for Schistosoma japonicum infections in China, and the pressing need for improved diagnostics of schistosomiasis japonica. Image: Blood collection for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica in Anhui province, China.
		Review Toll-like receptor activation by helminths or helminth products to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease ShuMin Sun, XueLin Wang, XiuPing Wu, Ying Zhao, Feng Wang, XiaoLei Liu, YanXia Song, ZhiLiang Wu, MingYuan Liu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:186 (27 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that reducing helminth infections increases the incidence rate of autoimmune diseases. Helminths or helminth products should be considered for the treatment of human inflammatory bowel disease. Image: Contribution of toll like receptors to mucous membrane immunity.
		Research Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in dogs and cats in subtropical southern China Rui-Qing Lin, Jian-Dong Tang, Dong-Hui Zhou, Hui-Qun Song, Si-Yang Huang, Jia-Xu Chen, Mu-Xin Chen, Han Zhang, Xing-Quan Zhu, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:180 (19 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary 503 dogs and 194 cats in China's southern Guangdong province were examined for Clonorchis sinensis by post-mortem examination, and the average prevalence was 20.5% in dogs and 41.8% in cats, respectively, posing significant public health concern. Image: Clonorchis sinensis prevalence in dogs, cats and humans in Guangdong province, China.
		Research Monitoring specific antibody responses against the hydrophilic domain of the 23 kDa membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum for early detection of infection in sentinel mice Jie Wang, Chuan-Xin Yu, Xu-Ren Yin, Wei Zhang, Chun-Yan Qian, Li-Jun Song, Xue-Dan Ke, Yong-Liang Xu, Wei He, Guo-Qun Cao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:172 (10 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The early specific antibody responses to the hydrophilic domain of 23kDa membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj23HD) can be used to monitor the schistosome infection in sentinel mice by immunoblotting. Image: Sentinel mice were used to monitor the infested water body of schistosome infection
		Research Application of DNA-based diagnostics in detection of schistosomal DNA in early infection and after drug treatment Cen Wang, Lin Chen, Xuren Yin, Wanquan Hua, Min Hou, Minjun Ji, Chuanxin Yu, Guanling Wu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:164 (24 August 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The data presented here indicate that LAMP is suitable for the detection of early infection in the groups primarily infected with Schistosoma japonicum, such as migrants, travellers, military personnel and the younger age groups. However, it is less suitable for evaluation of the efficacy of chemotherapy in the early stages because of its high sensitivity. Image: Dynamic detection of schistosomal DNA in infected rabbits following artesunate or praziquantel treatment by LAMP method.
		Research Development of a rapid dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay (DLIA) for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica Li-Ling Yu, Jian-Zu Ding, Li-Yong Wen, Di Lou, Xiao-Lan Yan, Li-Jun Lin, Shao-Hong Lu, Dan-Dan Lin, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:157 (9 August 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary This study describes a novel, simple, fast and reliable dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay ( DLIA ) for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica and proved that the DLIA was very suitable for screening patients on a large scale field and clinical detection. Image: Advanced schistosomiasis patient.
		Research Molecular characterization of cathepsin B from Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products and assessment of its potential for serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis Wenjun Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Xuerong Li, Xiaoli Lv, Chenhui Zhou, Chuanhuan Deng, Huali Lei, Jingtao Men, Yongxiu Fan, Chi Liang, Xinbing Yu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:149 (27 July 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study aimed to identify a cathepsin B of Clonorchis sinensis and investigate its diagnostic value for human helminthiases. Image: Clonorchis sinensis-infected rat liver.
		Research Compensatory density feedback of Oncomelania hupensis populations in two different environmental settings in China Guo-Jing Yang, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Le-Ping Sun, Feng Wu, Bo Zhong, Dong-Chuan Qiu, Jürg Utzinger, Corey JA Bradshaw Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:133 (13 July 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary We investigated the population dynamics of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host snail of Schistosoma japonicum. Specifically, we examined the evidence for strength and form of intrinsic control (compensatory density feedback) operating in focal snail populations based on a series of biological experiments under quasi-field conditions in two different environments. Our findings will help to enhance cost-effective snail-control strategies.Image: Oncomelania hupensis breeding-cage experiments in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu province, China.
		Research Adaptation of a visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique for field detection of Plasmodium vivax infection Zhi-Yong Tao, Hua-Yun Zhou, Hui Xia, Sui Xu, Han-Wu Zhu, Richard L Culleton, Eun-Taek Han, Feng Lu, Qiang Fang, Ya-Ping Gu, Yao-Bao Liu, Guo-Ding Zhu, Wei-Ming Wang, Ju-Lin Li, Jun Cao, Qi Gao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:115 (21 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study demonstrated that a novel visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for Plasmodium vivax detection, was accomplished using a microcrystalline wax-dye capsule. Image: Visualized LAMP results by SYBR-Green I contained in microcrystalline wax capsules.
		Review Genetic characterization, species differentiation and detection of Fasciola spp. by molecular approaches Lin Ai, Mu-Xin Chen, Samer Alasaad, Hany M Elsheikha, Juan Li, Hai-Long Li, Rui-Qing Lin, Feng-Cai Zou, Xing-Quan Zhu, Jia-Xu Chen Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:101 (10 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Molecular techniques offer considerable advantages over traditional approaches for the identification and differentiation of Fasciola spp. This article reviews molecular techniques that are being used for the genetic characterization, species differentiation and detection of Fasciola spp.Image: Adults of Fasciola hepatica.
		Research Molecular identification of Clonorchis sinensis and discrimination with other opisthorchid liver fluke species using multiple Ligation-depended Probe Amplification (MLPA) Jiufeng Sun, Jin Xu, Pei Liang, Qiang Mao, Yan Huang, Xiaoli Lv, Chuanhuan Deng, Chi Liang, G S de Hoog, Xinbing Yu Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:98 (7 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study evaluated MLPA assay for identification of Clonorchis sinensis, and discrimination from other liver flukes or phylogenetically closely related species, targeting the variable region of ribosomal DNA. Image:Egg of Clonorchis sinensis
		Short report Detection of the circulating antigen 14-3-3 protein of Schistosoma japonicum by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in rabbits Chun-Yan Qian, Biao Huang, Chuan-Xin Yu, Jue Zhang, Xu-Ren Yin, Jie Wang, Li-Jun Song, Wei Zhang, Xue-Dan Ke Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:95 (28 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This work establishes a sandwich TRFIA for diagnosis of active schistosome infection by detecting the circulating antigen 14-3-3 of S. japonicum with a pair of monoclonal antibodies 5C6 and 5D1. Image: The measuring principle of 14-3-3-TRFIA.
		Research Performance of a dipstick dye immunoassay for rapid screening of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas of low endemicity Jing Xu, Ting Feng, Dan-Dan Lin, Qi-Zhi Wang, Li Tang, Xiao-Hua Wu, Jia-Gang Guo, Rosanna W Peeling, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:87 (20 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary This study evaluated a commercially available rapid diagnostic assay for screening of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas of low endemicity in People’s Republic of China. Image: Dipstick dye immunoassay kit and its positive result.
		Research Monitoring resistance of Plasmdium vivax: Point mutations in dihydrofolate reductase gene in isolates from Central China Fang Huang, Shuisen Zhou, Shaosen Zhang, Weidong Li, Hongwei Zhang Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:80 (17 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary There were four parasite populations in pvdhfr allele frequencies with wild-type and single and double mutants at three codons (58, 61 and 117) in Central China, which suggested that P.vivax may be relatively susceptible to pyrimethamine. Image: Map of distribution sentinel sites and mutant pvdhfr in Central China.
		Research The prevalence of canine Leishmania infantum infection in western China detected by PCR and serological tests Jun-Yun Wang, Yu Ha, Chun-Hua Gao, Yong Wang, Yue-Tao Yang, Hai-Tang Chen Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:69 (9 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper evaluates the prevalence of canine Leishmania infantum infection in Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, China detected by PCR, ELISA and rk39-dipstick test. The phylogenetic tree based on the sequences of 116-bp fragment from the kDNA conserved region of Leishmania spp. has been constructed. Image: Dogs are major reservoir hosts of human zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL).
		Research Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pet dogs in Lanzhou, Northwest China Song-Ming Wu, Si-Yang Huang, Bao-Quan Fu, Guang-Yuan Liu, Jia-Xu Chen, Mu-Xin Chen, Zi-Guo Yuan, Dong-Hui Zhou, Ya-Biao Weng, Xing-Quan Zhu, De-He Ye Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:64 (4 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 28 of 259 (10.81%) pet dogs in Lanzhou Municipality, Northwestern China using the modiﬁed agglutination test (MAT), and the seroprevalence increased with age, which has public health implications. Image: Map of Lanzhou Municipality, Gansu Province, China showing the sampling locations (in green) for the present survey.