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	1. 7085 Accesses	Review Zoonotic helminths affecting the human eye Domenico Otranto, Mark L Eberhard Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:41 (23 March 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Zoonotic helminths that affect human eyes may cause blindness with severe socio-economic consequences to human communities. Their biology and epidemiology are discussed as well as clinical descriptions of the diseases, and video clips on their presentation. Image: Coenurus cyst with multiple protoscoleces behind displaced retina. (modified from Orihel and Ash, ASCP Press, 1995).
	2. 5535 Accesses	Review History of the discovery of the malaria parasites and their vectors Francis EG Cox Parasites & Vectors 2010, 3:5 (1 February 2010) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary The story of the history of the malaria parasites and their mosquito vectors is traced from the first discovery of the parasites in 1880 to the present time. Image: Ronald Ross who discovered that malaria parasites were transmitted by mosquitoes.
	3. 5154 Accesses	Review The history of African trypanosomiasis Dietmar Steverding Parasites & Vectors 2008, 1:3 (12 February 2008) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary This review article summarises the history of African trypanosomiasis from prehistory to current developments. From this history we learn which factors determine, and which measures control, the emergence and the spread of the disease. Image: Sir David Bruce (1855-1931).
	4. 4223 Accesses	Research Development of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana formulations for control of malaria mosquito larvae Tullu Bukhari, Willem Takken, Constantianus JM Koenraadt Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:23 (22 February 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Formulation is an important step for the operational use of biological control agents against malaria mosquito larvae. This study reports development and testing of formulations for two entomopathogenic fungi in laboratory and field conditions. Image: Anopheles gambiae larvae infected with Metarhizium anisopliae.
	5. 3815 Accesses	Review Canine vector-borne diseases in Brazil Filipe Dantas-Torres Parasites & Vectors 2008, 1:25 (8 August 2008) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A review on several aspects (etiology, transmission, distribution, prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, control, prevention, and public health significance) of canine vector-borne diseases in Brazil and which discusses research gaps to be addressed in future studies. Image: A dog displaying a typical clinical picture of visceral leishmaniasis
	6. 3499 Accesses	Research The phylogeography of Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia Liang Liu, Mohammed MH Mondal, Mohamed A Idris, Hakim S Lokman, PRV Jayanthe Rajapakse, Fadjar Satrija, Jose L Diaz, E Suchart Upatham, Stephen W Attwood Parasites & Vectors 2010, 3:57 (5 July 2010) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Partial cox1 and rrnL mitochondrial gene sequences indicated a late Pliocene radiation of Indoplanorbis exustus out of India into Southeast Asia, and that Southeast Asian and Sundaic populations may be a species distinct from Indian I. exustus. Indoplanorbis is an important snail intermediate host of species of Schistosoma infecting cattle and is involved in cercarial dermatitis in humans. Image: Indoplanorbis exustus from Thailand.
	7. 3336 Accesses	Research Gene-knockdown in the honey bee mite Varroa destructor by a non-invasive approach: studies on a glutathione S-transferase Ewan M Campbell, Giles E Budge, Alan S Bowman Parasites & Vectors 2010, 3:73 (16 August 2010) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Varroa is the major cause for worldwide decline in honey bee populations. Using a glutathione S-transferase as the target, we describe gene knockdown by a non-invasive approach in V. destructor that was essentially complete and evident at both transcript and protein level.Image: Varroa mite on head of adult honey bee emerging from brood cell.
	8. 3327 Accesses	Review Canine and feline cardiopulmonary parasitic nematodes in Europe: emerging and underestimated Donato Traversa, Angela Di Cesare, Gary Conboy Parasites & Vectors 2010, 3:62 (23 July 2010) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Cardiopulmonary nematodes of dogs and cats cause parasitic diseases of central relevance in current veterinary practice. In the recent past the distribution of canine and feline heartworms and lungworms has increased in various geographical areas, including Europe. Knowledge of the most important heartworm and lungworm infections of dogs and cats in Europe is reviewed with a focus on recent advances in epidemiology, clinical aspects and control. Image: Eggs of Trichuris vulpis (left) and Eucoleus aerophilus (right)
	9. 2911 Accesses	Research Climatic variables and malaria transmission dynamics in Jimma town, South West Ethiopia Abebe Alemu, Gemeda Abebe, Wondewossen Tsegaye, Lemu Golassa Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:30 (2 March 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Relating meteorological factors measured at the local scale with malaria case occurrence is the best way of assessing contribution of climatic variables to clinical malaria risk and transmission. Image: Jimma town, where meteorological and malaria data were collected for this study.
	10. 2893 Accesses	Review LeishVet guidelines for the practical management of canine leishmaniosis Laia Solano-Gallego, Guadalupe Miró, Alek Koutinas, Luis Cardoso, Maria Pennisi, Luis Ferrer, Patrick Bourdeau, Gaetano Oliva, Gad Baneth Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:86 (20 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum is a major global zoonosis. This publication includes the LeishVet’s group current consensus recommendations for standardized and rational approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, control and prevention of canine leishmaniosis. These graphically displayed recommendations summarize recent evidence-based literature combined with extensive clinical experience. Image: Cutaneous lesions including exfoliative periocular alopecia in a dog with clinical leishmaniosis.
	11. 2874 Accesses	Review The control of hookworm infection in China Qi Zheng, Ying Chen, Hao-Bing Zhang, Jia-Xu Chen, Xiao-Nong Zhou Parasites & Vectors 2009, 2:44 (24 September 2009) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Hookworm is still one of the three main soil-transmitted helminths endemic in China. This article reviews the challenges and needs of continuing to strengthen the current strategy to control hookworm infections in China, by implementation of a three-pronged approach, i.e. distributing anthelmintic drugs in schools and undertaking large-scale hookworm deworming, improving water supplies and sanitation and proper health education. Image: Children barefoot, the main way that infection with hookworm is acquired in daily life.
	12. 2750 Accesses	Research Progress towards the eradication of Tsetse from the Loos islands, Guinea Moise S Kagbadouno, Mamadou Camara, Jérémy Bouyer, Fabrice Courtin, Mory F Onikoyamou, Chris J Schofield, Philippe Solano Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:18 (10 February 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Several control methods have been used against Glossina palpalis gambiensis, the main vector of sleeping sickness in West Africa,in Loos islands in Guinea. Present results show the absence of tsetse in the sentinel traps used for monitoring, which is a crucial step to achieve the ultimate goal of eradication. Image: Loos islands archipelago, Republic of Guinea, where an eradication project against Glossina palpalis gambiensis, vector of sleeping sickness, is ongoing.
	13. 2539 Accesses	Research Modelling the impact of vector control interventions on Anopheles gambiae population dynamics Michael T White, Jamie T Griffin, Thomas S Churcher, Neil M Ferguson, María-Gloria Basáñez, Azra C Ghani Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:153 (28 July 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary Vector control interventions will affect the dynamics of An. gambiae s.l. populations, at both the adult and aquatic stages. A model of the lifecycle of An. gambiae s.l. is developed and fitted to field data, and the implications for vector control strategies are evaluated. Image: An. gambiae taking a blood meal (CDC Image Library).
	14. 2527 Accesses	Review One health: the importance of companion animal vector-borne diseases Michael J Day Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:49 (13 April 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The close relationship between man and small companion animals gives these species a unique position in One Health. This article reviews the importance of the domestic dog in One Health, with focus on the arthropod-transmitted infectious diseases that affect both man and dogs. Image: The human-companion animal interaction is a key area of One Health.
	15. 2377 Accesses	Research The dominant Anopheles vectors of human malaria in the Asia-Pacific region: occurrence data, distribution maps and bionomic précis Marianne E Sinka, Michael J Bangs, Sylvie Manguin, Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap, Anand P Patil, William H Temperley, Peter W Gething, Iqbal RF Elyazar, Caroline W Kabaria, Ralph E Harbach, Simon I Hay Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:89 (25 May 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary To help target malaria control efforts, we present contemporary distribution maps and relevant bionomic information for the nineteen dominant vector species (DVS) of the Asian-Pacific Region. Image: Occurrence data and predicted distribution of the Dirus Complex, one of the DVS of Asia.
	16. 2308 Accesses	Research The dominant Anopheles vectors of human malaria in Africa, Europe and the Middle East: occurrence data, distribution maps and bionomic précis Marianne E Sinka, Michael J Bangs, Sylvie Manguin, Maureen Coetzee, Charles M Mbogo, Janet Hemingway, Anand P Patil, Will H Temperley, Peter W Gething, Caroline W Kabaria, Robi M Okara, Thomas Van Boeckel, H Charles J Godfray, Ralph E Harbach, Simon I Hay Parasites & Vectors 2010, 3:117 (3 December 2010) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary To help target malaria control efforts in Africa and prevent its re-emergence in Europe, we present contemporary distribution maps and relevant bionomic information for the seven dominant vector species (DVS) of Africa and the six DVS found across Europe and the Middle East. Image: Occurrence data and predicted distribution of An. gambiae, one of the DVS of Africa.
	17. 2299 Accesses	Review Emergence of zoonotic arboviruses by animal trade and migration Martin Pfeffer, Gerhard Dobler Parasites & Vectors 2010, 3:35 (8 April 2010) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Vector-mediated animal-to-human transmission of zoonotic arboviruses is the common mode of human infection. The emergence of these pathogens into new geographic areas is associated with many factors, most importantly human activity. Here, we review the role of animals in the global spread of certain mosquito- and tick-borne arboviruses. Image: Global threat of zoonotic arboviruses
	18. 2279 Accesses	Review Developing novel anthelmintics from plant cysteine proteinases Jerzy M Behnke, David J Buttle, Gillian Stepek, Ann Lowe, Ian R Duce Parasites & Vectors 2008, 1:29 (1 September 2008) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Anthelmintic resistance in GI helminths represents a significant future threat to animal and human health and agricultural productivity. This review considers the potential of plant cysteine proteinases as novel anthelmintics and discusses the problems in realising this potential. Image:Male H.bakeri damaged by papain. The arrow shows a rupture in the cuticle with the viscera protruding.
	19. 2218 Accesses	Review Tick-borne encephalitis virus in dogs - is this an issue? Martin Pfeffer, Gerhard Dobler Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:59 (13 April 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is geographically spreading and emerging in many regions in Eurasia. Dogs are accidental hosts not capable of further spreading TBE virus but they readily seroconvert upon infection. Clinical disease used to be a rare finding but the number such reports is increasing. This warrants an update on the epidemiology, clinical presentation and possible prevention of TBE in the dog. Image: Transmission of TBE virus to a dog via the bite of an Ixodes tick.
	20. 2170 Accesses	Short report Mosquito salivary gland protein preservation in the field for immunological and biochemical analysis A Fontaine, A Pascual, I Diouf, N Bakkali, S Bourdon, T Fusai, C Rogier, L Almeras Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:33 (8 March 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Different preservation conditions of mosquito salivary gland extracts were assessed in non-optimal conditions at the quantitative and qualitative levels in order to evaluate protein integrity.Image: Comparison of mosquito salivary gland preservation conditions using immunoblot or ELISA.
	21. 2165 Accesses	Review The immunopathology of canine vector-borne diseases Michael J Day Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:48 (13 April 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The canine vector-borne infections are an emerging problem in veterinary medicine and many of these diseases have significant zoonotic potential. This paper reviews the immunopathology of these diseases in the canine host and assesses progress in the development of prophylactic vaccines. Image: Granulomatous hepatitis in canine visceral leishmaniosis.
	22. 2138 Accesses	Review Are we paying too much attention to cardio-pulmonary nematodes and neglecting old-fashioned worms like Trichuris vulpis? Donato Traversa Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:32 (8 March 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary This review discusses current knowledge of the infection caused by the canine whipworm Trichuris vulpis, with a focus on epidemiology, zoonotic hazard, diagnosis and treatment of canine trichurosis.Image: Adult of Trichuris vulpis.
	23. 2092 Accesses	Review Oh my aching gut: irritable bowel syndrome, Blastocystis, and asymptomatic infection Kenneth F Boorom, Huw Smith, Laila Nimri, Eric Viscogliosi, Gregory Spanakos, Unaiza Parkar, Lan-Hua Li, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Ülgen Z Ok, Saovanee Leelayoova, Morris S Jones Parasites & Vectors 2008, 1:40 (21 October 2008) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Improvements in clinical laboratory techniques have produced a series of studies that suggest we know very little about Blastocystis, and much of what we know may be wrong. A better understanding of this single-celled enteric protist may help explain geographic and temporal variations in chronic gastrointestinal illness of unknown etiology. Image:Graph of Blastocystis detection rates in clinical samples from Western US and Canada, 1985-2007
	24. 2089 Accesses	Research Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti populations from Ceará, Brazil Estelita Lima, Marcelo Paiva, Ana de Araújo, Éllyda da Silva, Ulisses da Silva, Lúcia de Oliveira, Antonio Euzébio G Santana, Clarisse Barbosa, Clovis C de Paiva Neto, Marilia OF Goulart, Craig Wilding, Constância Ayres, Maria Alice V de Melo Santos Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:5 (12 January 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Chemical insecticides are used widely in Brazil to control Aedes aegypti. Here temephos and cypermethrin resistance in populations from the northeast of Brazil were studied using biochemical and molecular techniques. Image: Ovitrap used to collect A. aegypti samples.
	25. 2076 Accesses	Research Adaptation of a visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique for field detection of Plasmodium vivax infection Zhi-Yong Tao, Hua-Yun Zhou, Hui Xia, Sui Xu, Han-Wu Zhu, Richard L Culleton, Eun-Taek Han, Feng Lu, Qiang Fang, Ya-Ping Gu, Yao-Bao Liu, Guo-Ding Zhu, Wei-Ming Wang, Ju-Lin Li, Jun Cao, Qi Gao Parasites & Vectors 2011, 4:115 (21 June 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study demonstrated that a novel visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for Plasmodium vivax detection, was accomplished using a microcrystalline wax-dye capsule. Image: Visualized LAMP results by SYBR-Green I contained in microcrystalline wax capsules.